The images in “TURBULENCES” represent some explorations of the deep links between mathematics and nature, and the way biological forms may use simplerules to evolve complex shape and behaviors.This videos are not created by conventional 3D modeling or digital painting techniques. They are formed purely from mathematical systems that distort 2- Dimensional Cartesian space in various ways and assign values to the luminance and RGB colors distribution of those distortions. Each of the systems that describes any individual image is made up of anumber of discrete but quite simple algorithms that influence one anotheraccording to the ways in which they are connected. Some parts of the system determine symmetry, iteration values, rotation and displacement. Other components control pixel color and brightness or darkness.The real excitement in the creation of these videos lies in the phenomenonof emergent complexity, a quality that arises from the mathematics. when thenumbers of individual components and the numbers and types of the connections between them exceed a certain, fairly minimal, threshold. Whenthis point is reached, the number of variables in the system is so greatthat the output values that control the final color and light renderingscannot be anticipated in any formal sense.Consequently, once the basic system structures have been designed, tools formutation of selected characteristics and choice of preferred outputs areused to Œsculpt¹ the emergent mathematical space according to aestheticcriteria. It is highly probable that this resultant complex space cannot beusefully navigated in any way other than intuitively and aesthetically. Theprocess is like a kind of visual Œjamming¹.What is truly surprising is that the detailed images that can be generatedby these chains of simple rules often feel familiar. All kinds of vitalorganic patterns, textures and shapes arise from descriptions that seempurely mechanistic and devoid of life. Some thinkers have recently andcontroversially proposed that similar kinds of simple rules evoking complexemergent behavior might underpin everything from economic and social systemsto biology to the physics of our universe itself